View details for DOI 10.1128/IAI.01185-07, View details for Web of Science ID 000253563500016, View details for Web of Science ID 000252221200001. Therapy is predominantly directed at preventing life-threatening hemoptysis. View details for Web of Science ID 000220735200015. Improvement was noted with amphotericin B or itraconazole followed by voriconazole but not with itraconazole followed by amphotericin B. Murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro could kill Aspergillus fumigatus conidia, and this activity could be suppressed with dexamethasone. In 1993, archaeologist Avraham Biran and his team discovered a stone fragment at Tel Dan, northern Israel, bearing an inscription that refers to the "House of David." The inscription, in an ancient Semitic script, dates to the ninth century B.C.E. The cellular DNA of each of 49 clinical and 11 nonclinical isolates of Saccharomyces was digested with the endonuclease EcoRI, and the resultant fragments were separated by electrophoresis. The advent of the azoles has not led to cure, causing many clinicians to revert to intra-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amphotericin as part of the treatment regimen, desiring the influence of the latter regimen's ability to clear infection more completely and rapidly. View details for Web of Science ID 000269145100014. It describes a range of group problem solving methodologies and illustrates vividly how they can aid modern business. Protection of peritoneal macrophages by granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) against dexamethasone suppression of killing of Aspergillus, and the effect of human GM-CSF, Diagnosis of fungal infections: current status, Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on polymorphonuclear neutrophils, monocytes or monocyte-derived macrophages combined with voriconazole against Cryptococcus neoformans. DEX increased I kappaB levels in cytoplasm and blocked translocation of NF-kappaB to the nucleus in unstimulated and conidia-stimulated macrophages. Related species, C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis, were not confused with C. parapsilosis sensu stricto. This review summarizes basic science, clinical and experimental information about C. parapsilosis. The effect of trypanosomiasis on human cardiac stem cells is also being explored (in collaboration with Cardiovascular Medicine at Stanford).Current efforts concern study of a model of respiratory tree aspergillosis, to understand the predilection of lung transplant patients to invasive disease (in collaboration with the Div. If serum was absorbed with live B. dermatitidis, unbound serum was eluted, and bound serum factor(s) (BS) was released with guanidine buffer, BS inhibited TNF-alpha production by PM plus B. dermatitidis in a concentration-dependent manner. of California, Berkeley; Univ. View details for Web of Science ID 000075737400027. It is demonstrated that allelic variation in any two isolates of a species can be scanned, mapped, and scored directly and efficiently without allele-specific polymerase chain reaction, without creating new strains or constructs, and without knowing the specific nature of the variation. View details for Web of Science ID 000175665800008. A variety of other animal species including dogs, primates, and guinea pigs have been used to study host response and vaccine efficacy. Macrophages could be cultured in the presence or absence of serum during the initial 20 h adherence and establishment period, enabling study of the effect of serum factors. We have shown heat-killed Saccharomyces (HKY) is a protective vaccine against aspergillosis and coccidioidomycosis. View details for DOI 10.3109/13693786.2011.577822, View details for Web of Science ID 000295893300006. Isolates were recovered from multiple body sites of 23 patients (n = 180) from 1994 to 1995 and from 29 patients (n = 45) from 1997 to 2002; these plus 2 from the hospital kitchen were identified as S. cerevisiae. However, death of some DBA/2N mice caused by YJM128 petite 1 showed that petites are not totally avirulent. Some of the characteristics of these isolates are very different from laboratory and industrial strains of S. cerevisiae and, for this reason, stringent genetic tests have been used to confirm their identity as S. cerevisiae. Cytokines from lymphocyte supernatants and antibody to glycans in serum collected from HKY-vaccinated mice were measured by ELISA. The results suggested a trend to increased levels in serum with prolonged therapy, but were not statistically significant. We have learned the protective moiety is in the cell wall, and proteins, glucan and lipid all seem important. We postulated micafungin and host phagocytic cells could act together in damaging fungi. PCR primer sets flanking the microsatellite repeats were designed and tested with 20 independent isolates. An archaeologist from the University of Sydney in Australia has posed a new theory: perhaps they were worn by dancers, who worked to please the gods. Who let the dogs out? Dividing the isolates into VII-1 versus non-VII-1 showed temporal variation for the USA pre-1995 versus post-1995 (p<0.0001) and versus Europe pre-1995 (p<0.0001). McCullough, M. J., Jorge, J. J., Lejbkowicz, F., Lefler, E., Nassar, F., Clemons, K. V., Stevens, D. A. Vaccinate against aspergillosis! nov.) in the environment, most closely related to H. magadiensis. B Kemp, A Stevens, GR Dabbs, M Zabecki, JC Rose. These data detail the immune response in the brain and could be important for the future design of specific immunomodulatory therapies for this important opportunistic infection. [2], At the time of his death, Stevens was a member of the Royal College of Physicians London, and the British Archaeological Association. The brain fungal burden was determined by quantitative culture, and fungal DNA was detected by quantitative PCR. These models have been used to determine efficacy of experimental therapeutics, comparative virulence of different isolates of Aspergillus, genes involved in virulence, and susceptibility to infection with Aspergillus. Among the Candida species causing bloodstream infections, Candida parapsilosis is one of the most frequently isolated. Risk factors for and symptoms in infants with M. pachydermatis fungemia appeared to be similar to those described for Malassezia furfur sepsis. The efficacy of combination therapy was assessed, with mice given either no treatment, MICA at 1 mg/kg/dose, 0.8 mg kg(-1) of intravenous amphotericin B (AMB), 100 mg kg(-1) of oral itraconazole (ICZ), or 100 mg/kg/dose of twice-daily subcutaneous nikkomycin Z (NIK). Stevens, Nathan E. 2009 Archaeology is for the Living. In separate previous studies, we have shown that lipid-complexed amphotericin B (Abelcet [ABLC]) and liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome [AmBi]) are efficacious against coccidioidal meningitis in rabbits. Creatinine levels were similar in the two regimens: the A : B ratio of the area under the curve for creatinine (AUC(CREATININE)) for days 2-7 was 1.09 (P=0.27) and for days 2-14 was 1.05 (P=0.51). DOES EB VIRUS CAUSE MENINGITIS OR ENCEPHALITIS - RESULTS OF A SURVEY - CASE REPORT, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering (ICME), Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI), Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR), Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, Office of VP for University Human Resources, Office of Vice President for Business Affairs and Chief Financial Officer, Acad Council, Medicine - Infectious Diseases, Maternal & Child Health Research Institute (MCHRI). Treatment of aspergillosis: Clinical practice guidelines of the infectious diseases society of America. Surgical removal of aspergilloma is definitive treatment, but because of significant morbidity and mortality it should be reserved for high-risk patients such as those with episodes of life-threatening hemoptysis, and considered for patients with underlying sarcoidosis, immunocompromised patients, and those with increasing Aspergillus-specific IgG titers (CIII). Measurement of a hyphal organism, like Aspergillus, presents difficulties in that it is problematic to define what constitutes a cell. With both the MTT and XTT assays, neutrophils alone inhibited hyphae; when combined with VCZ, there was additive activity. To understand the protection induced by HKY against different fungal species, additional studies of epitope mapping are warranted. Aristizabal, B. H., Clemons, K. V., Cock, A. M., Restrepo, A., Stevens, D. A. Efficacy of ravuconazole in treatment of systemic murine histoplasmosis. We reviewed data from all published in vitro studies, animal model studies, and clinical reports and recent abstracts on combination and sequential antifungal therapy for IA from 1966-2001. In experimental candidiasis, several manipulations of the immune system, via administration of cytokines, gene deletion or antibodies to cytokines, have been shown to significantly affect survival and fungal clearance in vivo. Treatment with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) alone did not boost killing, but GM-CSF treatment concurrently with dexamethasone reversed the dexamethasone suppression. Research Group, California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose; Div. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.00933-12, View details for Web of Science ID 000308807900041. [1] He has been heralded by past curator of natural history at Reading Museum, David Norton, for his approach towards curating, citing that he can be perceived as a "pioneer in seeing museums not as cabinets of curiosities but as places of education and particularly of their localities" after discussing how Stevens refused a chipped off stone fragment from Stonehenge out of concern that it would promote further destruction. Concentrations of ITZ and its active metabolite, hydroxyitraconazole (OH-ITZ), in plasma and tissue samples were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Space-X continues to reach for the stars. Hyphae were generated by incubation of conidia for 24 h with or without micafungin. Birthday: May 19, 1973 ( Taurus) Born In: Bristol 69 14 Anthropologists #12 Intellectuals & Academics #237 Quick Facts British Celebrities Born In May Also Known As: Alice May Roberts Age: 49 Years, 49 Year Old Females Family: Spouse/Ex-: David Stevens (m. 2000) children: Phoebe Stevens Anthropologists British Women Kamberi, P., Sobel, R. A., Clemons, K. V., Waldvogel, A., Striebel, J. M., Williams, P. L., Stevens, D. A. View details for Web of Science ID A1997XT59500011. I continue to work on questions of religion and its place within modern democratic societies, as well as other questions on social justice and ethics, as well as within the field of the philosophy of eduction. Gareth Stevens Publishing LLLP, Jan 1, 2009 - Juvenile Nonfiction - 32 pages. Assessment of the paradoxical effect of caspofungin in therapy of candidiasis. We previously established a model of CNS aspergillosis by intracerebral infection and report here the results of treatment with the two therapies with the greatest clinical experience, i.e., treatments with amphotericin B (AMB) and itraconazole (ITZ). It has been shown by us and others that progesterone inhibits the growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and that the organism escapes from this inhibition over time. Developmental studies showed that suppression of mice with 5-fluorouracil beginning 3 days prior to infection and given every 7 days thereafter necessitated antibacterial treatment but resulted in a reproducible model. Authoritative consensus criteria to diagnose IFD have been useful in establishing eligibility criteria for antifungal trials. The rate of defervescence was similar for each regimen (P=0.75). Central nervous system (CNS) Aspergillus infection has a mortality rate in humans that approaches 95%. Two other local hospitals' dialysis centers, and our own inpatient dialysis facility, were cultured at sites that yielded Halomonas from our RCC, and Halomonas was not isolated. View details for DOI 10.1080/13693780600810040 Two cohorts were studied. Some of his friends seem to think its a soft option but I dont think looking after kids can ever be described in those terms! Previously there were only 2 antifungals with activity against Aspergillus, but over the last few years there has been an explosion of newer agents and reformulations of older antifungals. In an assessment of innate responses, we found spleen cells from young mice produced three-fold less IFN-gamma and three-fold less IL-2 than adult spleen cells in response to 1 microg/ml concanavalin A (Con A). Monotherapy studies showed that micafungin (MICA), caspofungin (CAS), VCZ, conventional amphotericin B (AMB), Abelcet (ABLC) (a lipid-carried AMB formulation; Enzon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.), and AmBisome (AmBi) (liposomal AMB; Gilead Sciences, Inc.) were efficacious. [1][6] The bust was intended to be placed at the entrance of the museum. Kim, K. K., Lee, K. C., Jeong, H., Stevens, D. A., Lee, J. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.06015-11, View details for Web of Science ID 000306826300050. We postulated that this antagonism is mediated by inhibitor kappaB (I kappaB) induction by DEX and is opposed by acceleration of I kappaB degradation by GM-CSF with or without conidia stimulation, with corresponding effects on translocation and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB).We studied 2 types of cells, resident peritoneal macrophages from CD-1 mice and the murine macrophage RAW264.7 cell line. Stevens, D. A., Schwartz, H. J., Lee, J. Y., Moskovitz, B. L., Jerome, D. C., Catanzaro, A., Bamberger, D. M., Weinmann, A. J., TUAZON, C. U., Judson, M. A., Platts-Mills, T. A., DeGraff, A. C., Grossman, J., Slavin, R. G., Reuman, P. Combined treatment: antifungal drugs with antibodies, cytokines or drugs. Posaconazole is a new azole antifungal with potent activity against Coccidioides species, the causative agent of coccidioidomycosis.Twenty patients with chronic pulmonary or nonmeningeal disseminated coccidioidomycosis were enrolled in a multicenter trial to study the safety and tolerability of posaconazole therapy, with efficacy as a secondary end point. On the basis of a review of literature and an international consensus, a set of research-oriented definitions for the IFIs most often seen and studied in immunocompromised patients with cancer is proposed. 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