Icelandic people demonstrate a strong national pride in preserving their culture. Percentage of Population with Blue Eyes Country Percentage of Population with Blond Hair; 89%: 80%: 75%: 78%: 65%: 75%: 90%: 70%: 85%: 70%: 65% . Both parents may have icy blue eyes, but that's no guarantee their child's eyes will even be blue at all. . [19] A 2010 study of eye color variation in hue and saturation values using high-resolution digital full-eye photographs found three new loci for a total of ten genes, allowing the explanation of about 50% of eye colour variation.[20]. Brown is the dominant eye color across vast swaths of Africa and Asia, for instance, but the hues lighten in Europe, where the eyes get bluer as the weather gets colder. Taro Aso, Japan's foreign minister, risked upsetting his country's strongest ally by suggesting US diplomats in the Middle East would never solve the region's problems because they have 'blue eyes . As far as researchers can tell, this was the first person with blue eyes, and everyone who has blue eyes today is a (very) distant relative of this ancient human. A person may also have more than one eye color, a condition called Heretochromia, which affects less than 1% of people. Mujica-Mota MA, Schermbrucker J, Daniel SJ. Although rare, green eyes are found to be rather catchy especially . New research shows that people with blue eyes have a single, common ancestor. 10 . 4. How older drivers can improve their driving at night, researchers at the University of Copenhagen, Schedule an appointment with a local eye doctor, How color contact lenses can make anyone's eyes blue. Get our editors daily picks straight in your inbox! Between 6,000 and 10,000 years ago, a baby was born in Europe with a harmless genetic mutation. The eyes of some pigeons contain yellow fluorescing pigments known as pteridines. Geneticists now know that as many as 16 different genes influence eye color to some degree far from the one or two genes that were once believed to determine iris hue. So if you ever wondered why and how rare is blonde hairand blue eyes, you got a part of the answer here. "Originally, we all had brown eyes," said Hans Eiberg, associate professor in the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the university. Known for their beautiful fair hair and blue eyes, Denmark people stand out from other cultures. A baby's eyes may be blue during this time, but later change color. Eye Color 101. One more interesting fact is that most lighter-skinned babies are born with light eyes, being blue or greyish, which usually starts to change after 6 months and finally fully changes after around 1st year of age. The most common eye colors depend largely on geographic location. That's more in line with the hair color's natural occurrence. Ready? An estimated 13 percent of Scots have red hair, the highest such figure in the world. [26] Brown melanin is the only pigment that exists in the eye; there is no pigment for hazel or green or blue. Home Improvement / story. Free shipping on all US orders! Eye color may not remain constant throughout your life. People with blue eyes need to be careful about exposure to bright sunlight. [53] Unlike brown eyes, blue eyes have low concentrations of melanin in the stroma of the iris, which lies in front of the dark epithelium. Priscilla Vu, MD, is a board-certified ophthalmologist. They look blue because of how light is reflected. The color of ones eye is perhaps one of the first things people observe when they see each other. Summary. [3]:9. A global view of the OCA2-HERC2 region and pigmentation. Sturm R.A. & Larsson M., Genetics of human iris colour and patterns, Pigment Cell Melanoma Res, 22:544-562, 2009. Thats true for people of every eye color. [55] Eiberg and colleagues suggested in a study published in Human Genetics that a mutation in the 86th intron of the HERC2 gene, which is hypothesized to interact with the OCA2 gene promoter, reduced expression of OCA2 with subsequent reduction in melanin production. [84], Aniridia is a congenital condition characterized by an extremely underdeveloped iris, which appears absent on superficial examination.[86]. (The name of the gene is derived from the disorder it causes, oculocutaneous albinism type II.) Blue is the second most common and brown tops the list with 45% of the U.S. population and possibly almost 80% worldwide. Redheads have fewer strands of hair on their heads. From 6-36 months, cells in the iris start producing melanin and the eye color will change. [90] On occasion, a difference in eye color is caused by blood staining the iris after injury. If you inherit blue-eye genes from your parents, it means that your eyes will have less of a pigment called melanin in them. [66] 56% of Slovenes have blue/green eyes. But all in all, there hasnt been any comparative research done, or even within the individual countries of the real state of blue-eyed blond populations. Home Improvement / story. The iris is the colored part of the eye that surrounds the pupil. Since we are slowly coming to the epicenter top countries that have the most blondes and blue eyes as a percentage ofpopulation, Denmark is the first country of Vikings that we come by. or brown eyes. While the rest of us see beauty and wonder in eye color, eye doctors see the source of eye color the iris as a signpost for vision problems. In Britain, for example, a 2014 study found that green was more prevalent than brown 30 percent to 22 percent although most were blue, 48 percent. That's good news if you have blue eyes, since your risk of cataracts is lower. Norway. Although hazel mostly consists of brown and green, the dominant color in the eye can either be brown/gold or green. Blue eyes are mainly due to the low concentrations of melanin in the iris stroma. Studies have shown that the percentage of Irish residents with red hair is indeed around 10 per cent, though the percentage of Scots possessing it is closer to 5 or 6 per cent. Green eyes are a result of a combination of several factors including light brown pigmentation in the iris stroma, a blue shade due to the Raleigh scattering of reflected light, and the yellowish pigment lipochrome. By Verla05. The stunning combination of blue eyes and sandy brown or blonde hair is much sought after in other countries, but very much the norm here. The total number of genes that contribute to eye color is unknown, but there are a few likely candidates. [9], The gene OCA2 (OMIM: 203200), when in a variant form, causes the pink eye color and hypopigmentation common in human albinism. Quizzes; Events; Quiz Creation; Community; Videos; Private Events . SEE RELATED: Is blue the rarest eye color? [12], Eye color is an inherited trait determined by multiple genes. Some people with severe albinism appear to have red eyes under certain lighting conditions. Dissection reveals that the iris pigment epithelium is brownish black due to the presence of melanin. If a recessive and dominant allele pair up, dominant one will always dominate, as the name says. Grey 0%. Age-Related Macular Degeneration. It often develops as you age and is the leading cause of vision loss for people over 55. They lower your risk of developing cataracts, for instance. 2. An article released Monday in the peer-reviewed . Both parents have to pass along the blue eye gene in order for their child to have blue eyes. [77], As a result of heterochromia iridum, it is also possible to have two different eye colors. Europe was the epicenter of the blue-eye gene mutation. A common cause in females with heterochromia is X-inactivation, which can result in a number of heterochromatic traits, such as calico cats. Non-brown eyes have no different color pigments. [4] This is the same scattering that accounts for the blue appearance of the sky. Brown-eyed individuals, on the other hand, have a lot more variation. Yahoo CEO Marissa Mayer -- 48 percent of female CEOs on the S&P 500 sport blonde locks. Since I think weve had enough of scientific introduction to this subject, lets now get to meet the top countries that have the most blondes and blue eyes as a percentage ofpopulation. In the same way, you can get melanoma on your skin, you can also get melanoma in your eye. Scientists assume that this genetic mutation might have happened somewhat between 5,000 and 3,000 ago, under the assumption that it was an evolutionary adaptation connected to competition for mates. However, the shade of brown varies depending on the portion of the world one resides in. About 5% of the worlds population and 18% of Americans have hazel eyes -- a mixture of green, gold, and orange. The highest percentages of fair-haired people can be found around the Baltic Sea (e.g. Favorite. Former U.S. The melanin in brown eyes helps protect against intense sunlight exposure, so it would not be necessary for areas where there is not much light year-round. Why do some people have light blue eyes and others have dark blue? Follow. Hazel eyes: What determines hazel eye color? Iris color depends on the protein melanin which is stored in special cells, melanocytes. That's called phototoxicity. Known for their beautiful, pale blue eyes and milky-white skin, Swedes stand out wherever they go. Light traveling through the iris gets dispersed in a way that gives blue eyes their distinct color. Green eyes: The most attractive eye color? In humans, this pigmentation of the iris depends on the melanin concentration in the iris pigment epithelium, it's content within the iris stroma, as well as the cellular density of the stroma. This results in the formation of KayserFleischer rings, which are dark rings that encircle the periphery of the iris. The different types of uveitis are: Anterior uveitis, Intermediate uveitis, Posterior uveitis, and Pan-uveitis. Cavin Herbert Eye Institute. Well, that makes at least one of the most common stereotypical statements about the Dutch true. European Americans with recent Celtic and Germanic ancestry account for 16% of people with green eyes. In humans, the pigmentation of the iris varies from light brown to black, depending on the concentration of melanin in the iris pigment epithelium (located on the back of the iris), the melanin content within the iris stroma (located at the front of the iris), and the cellular density of the stroma. Netherlands stands for the tallest country in the world and is also the top countries that have the most blondes and blue eyes as a percentage of population. Blue eyes are also found in Central Asia, North Africa, South Asia, West Asia, and Southern Europe. Rather than including a blue pigment, they actually just lack the pigment that makes eyes brown. Longer wavelengths of light tend to be absorbed by the dark underlying epithelium, while shorter wavelengths are reflected and undergo Rayleigh scattering in the turbid medium of the stroma. Eyeglass temples: How do you know if they're the right length? For our research, on the matter of the hair color, we have found the information on Jorian and Cogweb (Cognitive Cultural Studies, from the University of California). France, the southernmost nation on the list, has the largest number of people with intermediate (neither brown nor blue) eye color. Plus, although this cancer is extremely rare, light-eyed folks are also more susceptible to sun damage from exposure to UV rays. [91], Iris color can provide a large amount of information about a person, and a classification of colors may be useful in documenting pathological changes or determining how a person may respond to ocular pharmaceuticals. Medicaid: Eligibility and Vision Benefits. This occurs in humans and certain breeds of domesticated animals and affects less than 1 percent of the world's population. This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 15:18. The iris is made up of two layers of muscle and other kinds of cells. At one time, it was believed that eye color, blue eyes included, was a simple genetic trait. About half of people living in the U.S. and a higher population in Africa, and Asia are brown-eyed. If you have ever been lucky enough to catch a glimpse of someone with stunning blue eyes, then congratulations, you are seeing one of nature's rarest wonders! [27] Green eyes contain the yellowish pigment lipochrome.[52]. [28] In many parts of the world, it is nearly the only iris color present. For example, researchers are looking at the connection between having blue eyes and: Eye health providers remind almost everyone with blue eyes to wear sunglasses to reduce their risk of potential eye cancers like eye melanoma. Iceland, the northernmost country of the bunch, has the greatest percentage of people with blue eyes. [13][14] These genes are sought by studying small changes in the genes themselves and in neighboring genes, called single-nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs. Close to 3% of people in the world have gray eyes. [56] The authors suggest that the mutation may have arisen in the northwestern part of the Black Sea region, and add that it is "difficult to calculate the age of the mutation. There is no blue pigmentation either in the iris or in the vitreous body. - VeryWell Health, Interesting Facts about Eye Color - Heffingtons, The World's Population By Eye Color - World Atlas. [95] Others have attempted to set objective standards of color comparison. [73], Although the deep blue eyes of some people such as Elizabeth Taylor can appear purple or violet at certain times, "true" violet-colored eyes occur only due to albinism. Although these conditions cannot permanently change the color of the iris, they generally affect the eyes sclera or cornea. Hazel eyes are due to a combination of Rayleigh scattering and a moderate amount of melanin in the iris' anterior border layer. [82], Wilson's disease involves a mutation of the gene coding for the enzyme ATPase 7B, which prevents copper within the liver from entering the Golgi apparatus in cells. Eye color is partially affected by light, especially blue eyes, which get their color specifically by light entering and reflecting out of the eye. By contrast, less than 1 in every 100 people in southern Europe . And when you meet a red head with blue eyes, you are looking at the rarest colour combination of all for human beings. All About Vision and AllAboutVision.com are registered trademarks of AAV Media, LLC. Blue is the most common eye colour in Britain, researchers found. . Globally, only about eight to 10 percent of people have this eye color with Europe containing the large majority. A fascinating fact is that these eyes appear to shift color in different lighting. Light brown eye color is most common in Europe, West Asia, and the Americas. Blue eyes are also found in southern Europe, Central Asia, South Asia, North Africa and West Asia. Affects function of OCA2, with a specific mutation strongly linked to blue eyes. Viking stereotypes for being tall, strong, blond and blue-eyed are confirmed at least for the last two matters in the case of Denmark. Its been suggested that the cooler climate of northern Europe may have encouraged the rise of a population of people with lighter eyes, hair and skin. If you have a darker iris color, you are at a greater risk of developing this eye disease. Brown eyes have the highest amount of melanin in the iris, and blue eyes have the least. These clear lenses block 100% UV both indoors and outside, and automatically darken when they're exposed to outdoor sunlight. Less melanin, the eyes are blue. "They have all inherited the same switch at exactly the same spot in their DNA.". Trauma and certain medications, such as some prostaglandin analogues, can also cause increased pigmentation in one eye. This genetic switch limits how much melanin is produced in the iris effectively "diluting" brown eyes to a shade of blue. This is why many babies are born with blue eyes, only to have their eye color change as their irises develop more melanin throughout early childhood. About 93 percent of Han Chinese carry the variant, as do about 70 percent of people in Japan and Thailand, and 60 to 90 percent of American Indians, a population descended from East Asians. They studied the genes that coded blue eyes in all of these individuals. Likewise, brown eyes have the most amount of melanin, while blue eyes have the least. That is because we, of course, share much of genetic heritage with all our ancestors and relatives. [23] Under the same environmental conditions, there may be disagreement over the color of an object between two different people;[further explanation needed] the factor that causes this discrepancy is the presence of melanin in the iris, which is the main factor in determining eye color. Page published on Wednesday, February 27, 2019. Black People With Blue Eyes. [70] Under magnification, gray eyes exhibit small amounts of yellow and brown color in the iris. One possible explanation for the difference in the appearance of gray and blue eyes is that gray eyes have larger deposits of collagen in the stroma, so that the light that is reflected from the epithelium undergoes Mie scattering (which is not strongly frequency-dependent) rather than Rayleigh scattering (in which shorter wavelengths of light are scattered more). [51], The green color is caused by the combination of: 1) an amber or light brown pigmentation in the stroma of the iris (which has a low or moderate concentration of melanin) with: 2) a blue shade created by the Rayleigh scattering of reflected light. In Africa dark eyes, skin and hair are the norm, but blue eyes are more common in southern Europe and even more common in northern Europe, where 70 per cent of people have blue eyes. Amber is the third rarest eye color in the world after green and gray, and approximately 5% of the worlds population have amber eyes. And in the end, we have gone through some maps provided by Unsafe Harbour made on basis of some scientific research on the matter of countries that have the most blondes and blue eyes as a percentage of population. Brown melanin is the only pigment that exists in the eye; there is . Green eyes: The most attractive eye color? There are various causes of Anisocoria: head trauma, brain tumors, migraines, demyelinating diseases, medications with anticholinergic properties, etc. It is important to always wear sunglasses and eyeglasses whenever possible - especially when spending time outdoors or staring at screens for long periods of time. If you have blue eyes, it means the iris part of your eyes lacks melanin, so, technically, blue eyes don't have any color. The polymorphisms may be in an OCA2 regulatory sequence, where they may influence the expression of the gene product, which in turn affects pigmentation. As of 2010, researchers believe that as many as 16 different genes influence eye color in humans, and most of these genes play a crucial role in the production, transportation, and storage of melanin pigment. Brown or dark-eyed people see are more likely to suffer from this type of depression, which is connected to cyclical changes in natural light. Gray eyes: A rare and beautiful eye color. [77], The most important role of melanin in the iris is to protect the eyes from the sun's harmful rays. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. 9. Top 10 Countries that Have the Most Blondes and Blue Eyes as a Percentage of Population, countries with the most beautiful women in Europe, countries with the most beautiful women in the world, 11 Countries with the Most Beautiful Women in Europe, 20 Countries With The Most Beautiful Women In The World, top 10 countries that have the most blondes and blue eyes as a percentage of population, How to Best Use Insider Monkey to Increase Your Returns, 6 Things You Didn't Know About Hedge Funds. Since Norway is on the 3rd place of the top countries that have the most blondes and blue eyes as a percentage ofpopulation, there are still many darker native Norwegians than it could be expected. Such albinos have pink eyes, as do albino rabbits, mice, or any other animal with a total lack of melanin. Its the dominant eye color in people with Native American and African ancestry, as well as those with family trees that trace back to Asia, the Middle East, Central or South America and other nations where brown eye color is the most common. In Norway, an estimated 75% of the population . A person suffering from uveitis requires immediate medical attention to control the inflammation and prevent vision loss. All eyes in the country were once brown, but a study revealed they are now 48 per cent blue, 30 per cent green and 22 per cent brown. Red Hair Is Thicker. Around 17 per cent of people have blue eyes, and when combined with 1-2 per cent having red hair, the odds of having both traits are around 0.17 per cent. The higher the amount of melanin in the iris and the denser the texture of the melanin, the darker the color of a person's eyes; the same melanin concentration also depends on many factors such as hereditary and environmental ones. Because of this, the pupillary reflex is much more pronounced in albino individuals, and this can emphasize the red eye effect in photographs. If you've got blue eyes, you've got one of the rarest, but most coveted recessive genes in the world. As these are the rarest hair and eye colors in the world, Finland seems to have the majority of those, leaving only 7-10% of people having brown eyes. It shows up in about 9% of Americans but only 2% of the world's population. A whopping 70 to 80% of the worlds population have brown or darkly pigmented irises, making brown the most common eye color worldwide. Analogues, can also get melanoma on your skin, you are at a greater risk of cataracts lower. Either in the iris is made up of two layers of muscle and kinds! The population although this cancer is extremely rare, light-eyed folks are also in. You are at a greater risk of cataracts is lower s population shade of blue the of! 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