(Recall the concepts of reliability and validity from your study of psychological research.) (1995). Narcissists seem to ________ the positive consequences of changing themselves. For your final version of the test, you decide to keep only the 15 items that the depressed and nondepressed groups answered differently. B. These incomplete sentences resemble the types of questions on the RISB. The intent of this statement is to enumerate and clarify the expectations that test takers may reasonably have about the testing process, and the expectations that those who develop, administer, and use tests may have of test takers. 0000003140 00000 n This section explores the best known among the many different types of personality tests. ( 2000) reported that 67% used projective tests at least occasionally in 1989, which declined to 56% by 1999. trailer << /Size 285 /Info 255 0 R /Encrypt 258 0 R /Root 257 0 R /Prev 282709 /ID[<99e61e55048beba05431a0072b1a76af><99e61e55048beba05431a0072b1a76af>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 257 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 251 0 R /PageMode /UseThumbs >> endobj 258 0 obj << /Filter /Standard /V 1 /R 2 /O ( UV.`Dz-#_m_}g) /U (\(i ;]nc1rM) /P -28 >> endobj 283 0 obj << /S 601 /T 686 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 284 0 R >> stream If an evaluator scores the Rorschach using the Exner scoring system, the test is considered a valid and reliable measure. If a test consists of a list of True/False questions and is graded using a computer-scored answer sheet, then it is a(n) ________. A. identify the Big Five personality factors Test takers have the right to request and receive information regarding whether or not they can obtain copies of their test answer sheets or their test materials, if they can have their scores verified, and if they may cancel their test results. Compare the margin of safety in dollars between the two companies. One problem with the lexical strategy is that ___. Have your test results kept confidential to the extent allowed by law. 0000003381 00000 n Testing professionals should inform test takers about the documentation needed to receive a requested testing accommodation. Lynn rolls identical amounts of clay into two balls and is quite certain they are exactly the same. 0000004269 00000 n Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Psychologists counteract ____ by intentionally reverse-scoring some of the questionnaire items. D. operational definition, The tendency to answer items in such as way as to come across as generally attractive or likable refers to the response set of ____. D. extreme responding, Personality Psychology Final Review: Exams 1-3, memory quiz questions exam 2An experimental s, phisio psych exam 1 review: chapters 1, 2, 3, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Ethical Issues in Pediatric and Geriatric Res. In such cases a test taker may need to request clarifications about their rights and responsibilities. We recommend using a C. have generalizability but little validity Provide to test takers, upon request, the procedures for reviewing, re-testing, or canceling their scores or test results, if they believe that testing conditions affected their results and if relevant to the purposes of testing. believe vague generalities about one's own personality. Allen will most likely display an in-crease in which trait? Which of the following illustrates converging criteria that could be used to estab-lish the accuracy of a personality judgment? Projective tests capitalize on this tendency by providing a wide latitude for how a person can respond to semi-ambiguous stimuli or instructions. WebA second projective test is the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), created in the 1930s by Henry Murray, an American psychologist, and a psychoanalyst named Christiana 0000007666 00000 n In a series of studies about intellectual expectancies, Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) found that schoolchildren randomly identified as "bloomers" showed an average IQ in-crease of about 15 points by the end of the school year. You may need to ask questions to learn these consequences. One objection to the use of vocational interest tests is that these tests ________, may discourage women or minority group members from joining certain fields, The California Psychological Inventory (CPI) was designed to ________, Inventories derived from the empirical method sometimes have items that seem strange or even objectionable to test takers ________, because those items correlated with outcomes of interest to the test developers, When evaluated as psychometric instruments, most projective tests ________, A test created using the empirical method yields what kind of data, Personality assessment would be relevant to which of the following constructs? Under the matching principle, when are expenses recorded? Projective tests involve presenting the test-taker with a The result is unlikely to have occurred by chance. Responses are scored to produce a clinical profile composed of 10 scales: hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, psychopathic deviance (social deviance), masculinity versus femininity, paranoia, psychasthenia (obsessive/compulsive qualities), schizophrenia, hypomania, and social introversion. A person taking the TAT is shown 812 ambiguous pictures and is asked to tell a story about each picture (Figure 11.18). A. Rorschach B. However, the validity of the other projective tests is questionable, and the results are often not usable for court cases (Goldstein, n.d.). Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . (1999). Because test takers have the right to be treated with courtesy, respect, and impartiality, regardless of their age, disability, ethnicity, gender, national origin, race, religion, sexual orientation, or other personal characteristics, testing professionals should: Make test takers aware of any materials that are available to assist them in test preparation. WebSome individuals have suggested that projective techniques are not tests and therefore should not be subjected to the constraints normally applied to psychometric instruments (e.g., Schwartz & Lazar, 1979), though as noted by Chandler (2003): Certain basic questions may legitimately be asked of any ____ tests are designed to predict a tendency toward theft or other forms of counterproductive behaviors in work settings, such as absenteeism. Most personality inventories employ these types of response scales. She writes items that seem directly and obviously related to sociability, such as "I like to go to parties" and "I enjoy the company of other people." Having been so informed, it is the responsibility of the test taker to appear on time with any required materials, pay for testing services and be ready to be tested. & \text{\$ 6,400} & \text{\$ 800}\\ Creative Commons Attribution License C. social desirability The updated version of the instrument is the Contemporized-Themes Concerning Blacks Test (C-TCB) (Williams, 1972). D. Big Seven Inventories, Dr. Akita is designing a test to measure sociability. For example, if someone responds yes to a number of unrealistically positive items such as I have never told a lie, they may be trying to fake good or appear better than they actually are. actors often portray "characters" or easily recognizable types of people. It has a mission to account for the psychology of whole persons. 0000006807 00000 n If youve ever taken a survey, you are probably familiar with Likert-type scale questions. (1989). Inform the test taker, if that test taker's test results are canceled or not released for normal use, why that action was taken. The following are independent situations. identify groups of test items that seem to be alike. An assumption made by all trait theories is that there is a degree of ____ in personality over time. C. NEO Personality Inventory What term refers to personality inventories that are designed to measure a wide range of traits? On December 31, Seles reported a net income of $85,000 for the year. D. Empirical, Chapter 6: Traits and Types: The Big Five and. If you have difficulty in comprehending the language of the test, you have a right to know in advance of testing whether any accommodations may be available to you. Describe its operation in terms of factor markets and product markets. A. One of the most common projective assessments is the Rorschach inkblot test. Walter Mischel and his 1968 book Personality and Assessment are note-worthy because this work ________. 0000006829 00000 n B. Extraversion A) "controlled" aspects of shyness can be predicted using S data, but uncontrolled or Imagine that you want to develop a test to measure depression. Webprojective test, in psychology, examination that commonly employs ambiguous stimuli, notably inkblots (Rorschach Test) and enigmatic pictures (Thematic Apperception Test), 0000003381 00000 n Webof the studies conducted on psychological instruments, includ-ing projective techniques, researchers begin with known groups (e.g., individuals with versus without a history of After 2 years on the job, police officers responses indicated an increased vulnerability to alcoholism, somatic symptoms (vague, unexplained physical complaints), and anxiety. C. Projective 0000003271 00000 n to magnify or maintain existing behavioral tendencies. These true/false questions resemble the kinds of questions you would find on the MMPI. 0000001028 00000 n Therefore, it was vital to develop other personality assessments that explored factors such as race, language, and level of acculturation (Hoy-Watkins & Jenkins-Moore, 2008). A combination of factor analytic and empirical methods Its fixed costs are$80,000. Which of the following is an expression of Funder's First Law? They are not biased by the cohort effect. C. Aggression Which of the following does NOT describe a type of person-situation in-teraction? _____ refer to examinations of the same group of individuals over time. Know in advance of testing when the test will be administered, if and when test results will be available to you, and if there is a fee for testing services that you are expected to pay. Contemporized-Themes Concerning Blacks Test (C-TCB), TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test, https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/11-9-personality-assessment, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Discuss the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Recognize and describe common projective tests used in personality assessment. n = 5, N = 20. 0000009337 00000 n They typically use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, which represent a range from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). C. Factor analytic A second projective test is the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), created in the 1930s by Henry Murray, an American psychologist, and a Which conclusion follows from Funder's analysis of the person-situation debate? To address this need, Robert Williams developed the first culturally specific projective test designed to reflect the everyday life experiences of African Americans (Hoy-Watkins & Jenkins-Moore, 2008). Present concerns about the testing process or your results and receive information about procedures that will be used to address such concerns. Describe what happens to the profit for this product when the number of units produced is between 1 and 1600. c. What happens to the profit after 1600 units are produced? Webof the studies conducted on psychological instruments, includ-ing projective techniques, researchers begin with known groups (e.g., individuals with versus without a history of For how a person taking the TAT is shown 812 ambiguous pictures is! Individuals over time, Chapter 6: traits and types: the Big Five and it has a to! Fixed costs are $ 80,000 by providing a wide range of traits projective! 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