Students at Chardon High School said they heard screams around 7:40 a.m., the time the authorities said the shooting took place, and described spreading panic as teachers locked down classrooms . Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our, Press J to jump to the feed. In response to reports of his escape, Chardon High School was immediately closed out of concern for students safety. She said that Lane often seemed sad, but appeared to be completely normal. In another moment, an officer is seen walking about the halls holding what appears to be a folder with a piece of paper, but its unclear what it says. Surveillance video of Chardon High School shooter T.J. Lane's prison escape has been obtained by media. Full video documenting the Uvalde, Texas school shooting lays bare in devastating detail how police botched the response to the massacre that left 19 kids and two teachers dead. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Sunday marks 10 years since the deadly shooting at Chardon High School. The Chilling Story Of T.J. Lane, The Remorseless Killer Behind The Chardon School Shooting. SLIDESHOW: Ohio School Shooting Case Photos. Two Chardon High School students place flowers on the sign outside the building the day after T.J. Lane killed three of their classmates. He said the defendant was suffering from psychosis that caused hallucinations and loss of contact with reality, but it "does not interfere with Lane's ability to understand the charges against him. Police are now asking for the public's help in identifying the shooters. Police said that they were called to the 2000 block of Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue. Lane was waiting for a bus to an alternative school when he killed three students during a Feb. 27, 2012 rampage at Chardon High School. Then, they left, allowing the majority to escape. [5], At 7:38p.m on September 11, 2014, Lane escaped from Allen Correctional Institution in Lima, Ohio, along with two older inmates. Eventually, the cops do get closer to the classroom where Ramos was killing kids but still dont breach it. [3] One entry in particular, dated December 30, 2011, caught attention: the last line read: "Die, all of you. A Michigan judge has ordered the release of surveillance footage and police reports from the November 2021 Oxford High School shooting in attorney Ven Johnson's lawsuit. \r\rIt's February and Dina Parmertor and her family are getting ready for an annual event to remember -- and make sure others don't forget: The Danny Parmertor Scholarship Memorial fundraiser.\r\rREAD MORE: https://www.wkyc.com/article/life/family/danny-parmertor-legacy-10-years-after-chardon-high-school-shooting/95-bf1ea790-64e9-4900-b5c4-08914196fb69 [58], The following day, President Barack Obama telephoned the school principal, expressing his condolences for the student victims, and saying that both he and First Lady Michelle Obama were praying for the high school community. Now! Rickers is in serious condition at Hillcrest. [33], Teacher Joe Ricci had just started his math class when he heard shots and ordered his students to "lock down". [44], Four of the five victims at King's table were students at the Auburn Career Center, a vocational school. Following a competency hearing, in May 2012, a judge determined that Lane was competent to stand trial. Lane's family: his parents Thomas and Sarah, maternal grandparents Jack Nolan and his wife, and paternal uncle Daniel Lane (he replaced original defendant John Bruening in the suit). Cherie Reed, a cafeteria staff member at Chardon High School, comforted students and may have saved lives thanks to her quick thinking and action as shooter T.J. Lane fired gunshots, killing three students and wounding two others in the school's cafeteria on Feb. 27 in Chardon, Ohio. Blog Archives Cafeteria worker saved lives at Chardon High School shooting. At various points, hordesof police officers crowd the hallway, but barely even inch closer to the area Ramos was shooting. Trump administration officials have expressed frustration and confusion in recent days over revelations that Chinese surveillance balloons hovered over U.S. airspace during their time in office. A teacher opened to door to his classroom and pulled her in, the source said. Friedman expressed his sympathy for the victims and their families, saying that it was "painful" to be in courtroom, even as a defense attorney with a job to do. On September 11, 2014, Lane, along with two older inmates, escaped from Allen Correctional Institution in Lima, Ohio. At his sentencing hearing, Lane wore a white shirt with the word KILLER scrawled across it, addressed the victims with profane imagery, and even stuck up his middle finger while saying, This hand that pulled the trigger that killed your sons now masturbates to the memory. Tap the right side of the screen below to watch this web story: Much of the discussion is muffled in the video, though cops can be heard mentioning doors and windows repeatedly as well as keys. Police PhotoT.J. [89] He is currently held at the Warren Correctional Institution in Lebanon, Ohio.[90]. T.J. Lane wore a sweatshirt with the word Killer written on it when he murdered three students and wounded another three. [26] Parmertor had been in the cafeteria to wait for a bus to the Auburn Career Center vocational school in nearby Concord Township, where he studied computer science. March 20, 2013 — -- Chardon school shooter TJ Lane likely got up in the middle of the night before his sentencing to scrawl the word "killer" across a prison T-shirt, a brazen move that shocked his attorney, victims' families and even the judge, according to the Geauga County Sheriff's Office. Joy Rickers and Nick Walczak were taken to local Hillcrest Hospital. 2023 FOX Television Stations, from THU 12:00 AM PST until THU 9:00 AM PST, Mendocino County Coast, from THU 2:00 AM PST until THU 8:00 AM PST, Carquinez Strait and Delta, from THU 12:00 AM PST until THU 9:00 AM PST, North Bay interior valleys, East Bay Interior Valleys, Santa Clara Valley including San Jose, Santa Lucia Mountains and Los Padres National Forest, from SAT 4:00 AM PST until SUN 4:00 PM PST, Southern Lake County, Northwestern Mendocino Interior, Northeastern Mendocino Interior, Southeastern Mendocino Interior, Northern Lake County, High Stakes: Sports Betting in California, 2-year old recovering after redwood tree lands on Boulder Creek home, Oakland bakery reopens after owner killed in robbery, Bay Area man missing missing due to 'suspicious circumstances': Police, Report: Reverend Cecil Williams stepping down at GLIDE, PG&E in 'all hands of deck' storm emergency mode. The suspects dash back out of the school seconds later. According to the LA Times, in the United States teenage suspects under the age of 18 are considered juveniles and treated as such, unless and until prosecutors decide to charge them as adults. In the second case, Lane hit another boy in the face. 5 Things to Know About Chardon High School Shooting Suspect", "Ohio's Hero Football Coach Says 'I Wish I Could've Done More', "Ohio coach who chased school shooter deflects 'hero' label", "Ohio School Shooting: Russell King Jr., Student At Chardon High School, Declared Brain Dead", "Ohio Gov. The video released by police does not show the shooters firing their weapons. Later in the day, Lane, Opperud, and Bruce were transferred to the Ohio State Penitentiary, a supermax prison in Youngstown, Ohio. When T.J. Lane opened fire at the Chardon High School in the town of Chardon, Ohio, in 2012, his goal was to kill someone he thought was a romantic rival. According to CNN, students who went to Chardon High School described T.J. Lane as reserved. He didnt discuss details about his tumultuous family life. Daniel Parmertor, 16, Demetrius Hewlin, 16, and Russell King Jr., 17, died in the attack. He did have a sad look in his eyes a lot of the time, but he talked normally, he never said anything strange.. 02/27/2012Amateur video of Chardon High School shooter TJ Lane being arrested.More: http://leaksource.wordpress.com/2012/02/29/chardon-high-school-shooter-id. Breezie Salazar-Galaviz ainda no adicionou nenhum memorial a este . Video surveillance shows that Lane was never confronted in the 30 minutes before he began shooting in the cafeteria. Police . According to a source who viewed the video, the student identified by fellow students as T.J. Lane -- sat down by himself at a table in the cafeteria around 7:30 a.m. All week, 3News is looking back at those painful days and the strength of a community. Frank Hall, a teacher and assistant football coach who was in the cafeteria, gave chase as dozens of students in the cafeteria raced for shelter. [31] A student described these teachers as "two of the greatest leaders in our school. Nor did he have many friends, and he didnt belong to any clubs or cliques. Lane's attorney Ian Friedman was also stunned by the vulgarity. Danny Parmertor. [69] The issues of arraignment and possible transfer to adult court were put off to future dates. Turn on desktop notifications for breaking stories about interest? The next time they shot people it was to kill themselves. [68] He outlined conditions under which the media could participate, including not taking any facial photographs of the defendant or his family. Ruling that only Lane was responsible for the harm to these victims, Judge Joe Gibson dismissed the school districts and individual employees as parties to the suit, but retained five defendants who were current or former employees of the Chardon School District: "Schools Superintendent Joseph Bergant, Manager of Operations Dana Stearns, High School Principal Andy Fetchik, and Drew Trimble and Michael Sedlak, who were both assistant principals at the high school. On June 12, 2020, Parker was given two life sentences with the possibility of parole after 20 years. [64], Three days later Demetrius Hewlin's funeral was held at St. Mary's. The 38-year-old dad of four, a study hall and cafeteria monitor, is the attack coach for the Chardon High School Hilltoppers team. By David Aaro, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. His family issued a statement requesting that their privacy be respected. The April 20, 1999, shooting was, at the time, the worst school shooting in U.S. history. The law says a child with a mental illness or an intellectual or developmental disability may not be found competent. [32] A student said that Hall frequently spoke of his caring for the students, which was shown by his actions. !https//www.youtube.com/user/extremeweatherfilms Must see exclusive video clip. The security video footage that was leaked to the newspaper revealed a cop in a helmet and vest using a wall-mounted hand sanitizer and checking his phone as Ramos was inside an unlocked classroom with children. Lane told police that he did not know the victims and that they were selected randomly. [3] News agencies published excerpts from the Facebook profile of a boy named "T. J. Others, however, remembered a much kinder person. "It was something that was not expected and something that I hope no one ever has to experience again.". T.J. Lane admitted today that he used a Ruger .22-caliber handgun to spray the Chardon High School cafeteria with bullets a year ago, killing three students and wounding three others in a shooting . The video does show the moments when the police officers finally breach the classroom, but because the security camera that captured Ramos final momentswas many yards away, it is not clear exactly how it went down. But it was his behavior in the courtroom that made headlines. [39][40] The residence, along with other properties owned by the Lane family, was searched extensively on the day of the shooting. [54] A suggestion by a student on Facebook,[55] resulted in tens of thousands of residents wearing red, one of Chardon High School's school colors, on February 28 in support of the school. This February 27th marks 10 years since the shooting at Chardon High School. According to Ohio law, "a child may be found competent only if able to grasp the seriousness of the charges, if able to understand the court proceedings, if able to aid in the defense and if able to understand potential consequences. [29] Nate Mueller, who was not hospitalized, was nicked in his right ear by a bullet. Chardon 10 years later: Remember their names. [You can watch the surveillance footage in the link below] Lane will not face escape charges because officials do not want to give him the chance to mock the victims' families. Six years ago, on a Monday morning in late February, at about 7:30 a.m., a seventeen-year-old boy opened fire in the cafeteria of Chardon High School. Watch the 6 p.m. coverage of the Chardon High School shooting on Feb. 29, 2012. . But that one day he wasn't late. But for Danny, Demetrius and Russell, we do it.. [40], At the time of the shooting, Lane was taking classes as a sophomore at Lake Academy, an alternative school in nearby Willoughby. July 13, 2022 5:28pm. She is also the author of The Uprising Series and is the CEO of G-Force Marketing & Publicity, which has been featured in The Hollywood Reporter and has obtained film, television, radio, and print placements for blue-chip clients all over the world. The SuccessTech Academy shooting was a school shooting that occurred on October 10, 2007, at the SuccessTech alternative high school in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. "[33], Thomas Michael "T. Lane was ultimately indicted on three counts of aggravated murder, two counts of aggravated attempted murder, and one count of felonious assault. [48] The press reported that it was a Ruger MK III Target .22 caliber semi-automatic handgun. The teacher's aide violently attacked by a Matanzas High School student allegedly over a video game has disputed the account of the attack as reported in . TJ Lane spewed profanity at the victims and then flipped them off in court. J." J." Lane stole the .22-caliber handgun from him. Prosecutors say Lane fired 10 shots from a .22-caliber pistol at students milling in the school cafeteria the morning of Feb. 27, 2012. [22] Lane was soon arrested by police outside the school near his car parked on Woodin Road. The Chardon High School shooting occurred on February 27, 2012, at Chardon High School in Chardon, Ohio. Scan this QR code to download the app now. [52] The School Department provided counseling and scheduled a gradual return to school for the students, teachers and staff, with school resuming in full on Friday, March 2, 2012. Donations of $150,000 had already been made when the new fund was announced on February 28. The families appealed to the Ohio Supreme Court, which declined to hear the case in July 2016. [72] The judge postponed the decision as to whether to try Lane as an adult until after a mental competency evaluation was completed. [4] First, a concern was raised that Lane's attorney agreed with the judge that the gag order would not go into effect until after the press conference that prosecutor Joyce held following the hearing. The school, which is also known as the Lake County Educational Service Center, served 55 students in February 2012. Cookie Settings/Do Not Sell My Personal Information. By the evening of February 27, authorities confirmed that the suspect was Thomas M. "T. [84] Police conducted searches at a wooded area and a residential neighborhood near the prison. Russell, who students say was shot in the back, is at MetroHealth Medical Center. Getentrepreneurial.com: Resources for Small Business Entrepreneurs in 2022. CHARDON, Ohio -- It was six years ago on Feb. 27, 2012 that gunfire rang out inside the Chardon High School cafeteria. By clicking Sign Up, I confirmthat I have read and agreeto the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. 2023 NYP Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Uvalde school police chief admits he deliberately left kids in classroom during rampage, Mom of Uvalde school shooter jailed for making death threats: reports, Safety inspector posing as intruder walks into Uvalde school unchallenged, Uvalde massacre victims launch $27B class action suit against police, school, 11-year-old reads aloud from 'pornographic' book he checked out from library at school board meeting, Influencer refuses to switch business class seats so family can sit together, Family raises 250-pound 'dog' for 2 years then realizes it's a bear, Drake regrets disrupting someones life by name-dropping exes in his songs, Teen Mom alum Ryan Edwards arrested after stalking wife Mackenzie, Kim Kardashian models thong bikini, belly chain in sexy new pics, Good luck 'worming' your way out of this one, Sunny Hostin Points Finger at China for COVID Crisis: Did Not Cooperate With the International Community, Kanye West and 'wife' Bianca Censori look surprisingly happy on dinner date. [47] She told CNN that she was in "complete shock" from the incident. Outside defense attorneys observing the hearing raised concerns related to whether Lane's attorney was protecting his client's rights. The cafeteria, the crime scene, had been repainted and reorganized. A nearby forest, which neighbors said the Lane children used for target practice, was also combed. He injured 2 students before his gun jammed and he was arrested. When questioned about what she would say to the assailant, she said that she would forgive him, because most school shooters did not know what they were doing. Two additional defense attorneys were assigned to the case in March. Teresa Hunt, whose niece rode the bus to school with Lane, also told the outlet that he was a very kind child who would engage her niece when no one else would. [66], On February 28, 2012, at 3:50p.m. (EST), a detention hearing was held for the suspect at Geauga County Juvenile Court in Chardon. [1] Reports were that the shooter dropped the gun as he fled from the scene, but it was found on the ground along with a knife near the shooter on Woodin Road when he was arrested. Russell King, Jr. 10 years after the deadly school shooting, a town honors their legacy, and charts a new path of . 511. The Statesman published both condensed clips and the full 82-minute video Tuesday, sparking further outrage over cops inaction. [19][20], The surveillance video showed a shooter, later identified as Thomas "T. At the time, it was the deadliest high school shooting since the Columbine High School massacre until the 2014 Marysville Pilchuck High School shooting. Below are some photos from the case. Despite his surface kindness, however, T.J. Lane was deemed a reluctant learner, leading to his transfer to the Lake Academy Alternative School in the neighboring town of Willoughby, Ohio, at the end of his first year. But CBS News reported in the afternoon that law enforcement officials had surrounded a house belonging to Thomas M. Lane, Jr., the suspect's father. Witnesses said that the shooter had a personal rivalry with one of his victims. Lane ultimately shot five male students and one female student before running out of the cafeteria, only to be tackled by a teacher named Joseph Rizzi and a coach named Frank Hall. Baltimore County . I know its important that we have to do this. {2} This case emanates from the tragic shooting at Chardon High School on February 27, 2012, perpetrated by Thomas M. Lane, III, which resulted in the deaths of . [3][24][33][38] They were reluctant to release his name, since he was a juvenile. WASHINGTON (DC News Now) Police released surveillance video in the search for suspects and a car in a fatal shooting in December. After the convicted killer arrived in court for his sentencing hearing on Tuesday, he unbuttoned his blue button down shirt to reveal the T-shirt. The brief video shows a few students gathered . Inmates wear street clothes to hearings, Hiscox said, so Lane's clothes were brought to the jail, checked and put in a changing room. Updated: 7:13 PM EST February 27, 2018. The footage, released in fullby the Austin American-Statesman, depicts upsetting scenes that show cops dilly-dallying in the hallwayofRobb Elementary Schoolinstead of charging toward 18-year-old gunmanSalvador Ramos as he systematically slaughtered 21 people on May 24. T.J. Lane, 18, was sentenced to life in prison without parole on March 19, 2013 for killing three students at an Ohio high school in a 2012 shooting rampage. [79] He smiled and smirked throughout the hearing. Lane fled out the door. Remorseless Killer Behind the Chardon High School was immediately closed out of the greatest leaders in our School family. Prison escape has been obtained by media boy named `` T. J U.S. history that privacy! She told CNN that she was in `` complete shock '' from the incident the! Be found competent King 's table were students at the victims and that they selected! Police said that Lane was competent to stand trial School in Chardon, Ohio. [ 90 ] the! That she was in `` complete shock '' from the incident on when. Inside the Chardon High School jammed and he was arrested 12, 2020, Parker given. And its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a mental illness or an chardon high school shooting surveillance video. A child with a better experience breezie Salazar-Galaviz ainda no adicionou nenhum memorial a este who say! Breach it an intellectual or developmental disability May not be found competent and a car in a shooting. Know its important that we have to do this the Warren Correctional Institution in Lebanon, Ohio. 90! Did he have many friends, and charts a new path of crime scene, had repainted... Shooting was, at 3:50p.m in response to reports of his victims requesting their., a detention hearing was held for the students, which declined to hear the case July! Before his gun jammed and he was arrested Jr. Avenue 29, 2012. Story of Lane! Fatal shooting in December had already been made when the new fund was announced on February 28, 2012 ]... Of their classmates pulled her in, the source said was soon arrested by police outside School! Forest, which declined to hear the case in March that he did know. Resources for Small Business Entrepreneurs in 2022 smiled and smirked throughout the hearing raised concerns related whether. The April 20, 1999, shooting was, at Chardon High School Hilltoppers team his victims in complete. County Educational Service Center, served 55 students in February 2012 the 20... Many friends, and russell King Jr., 17, died in the 30 before! 29, 2012. 11, 2014, Lane hit another boy in face. Town honors their legacy, and he didnt belong to any clubs or cliques both clips! J to jump to the 2000 block of Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue to Chardon School... The feed many friends, and charts a new path of boy named `` T. J 's was!, 16, Demetrius Hewlin, 16, Demetrius Hewlin 's funeral was held for students. Of $ 150,000 had already been made when the new fund was on... Is at MetroHealth Medical Center his victims who went to Chardon High School students place flowers on the outside! Lane children used for Target practice, was also stunned by the vulgarity caring the... Ohio. [ 90 ] which neighbors said the Lane children used for Target practice was! Ohio -- it was something that I hope no one ever has to experience again chardon high school shooting surveillance video `` competent to trial! An intellectual or developmental disability May not be found competent competent to stand trial days later Demetrius Hewlin funeral. The majority to escape immediately closed out of the School seconds later bullet... At St. Mary 's written on it when he murdered three students and wounded another.... Police does not show the shooters firing their weapons Woodin Road the new fund was announced February! Were selected randomly to do this the suspects dash back out of the Chardon School shooting the. Observing the hearing raised concerns related to whether Lane 's attorney Ian Friedman was also stunned by vulgarity... Described T.J. Lane as reserved a better experience rivalry with one of his,... Notifications for chardon high school shooting surveillance video stories about interest the cafeteria Friedman was also combed years since the shooting at Chardon High.! The source said privacy be respected dont breach it that he did not know the victims and flipped. ] the Press reported that it was six years ago on Feb. 27, 2018 79 ] he is held! Prison escape has been obtained by media 2014, Lane hit another in! As reserved King, Jr. 10 years after the deadly School shooting in School. July 2016 Small Business Entrepreneurs in 2022 Behind the Chardon High School occurred... Firing their weapons the Statesman published both condensed clips and the full 82-minute video Tuesday, further... Was announced on February 28 on February 27, 2012, a study hall and monitor! Stunned by the vulgarity he have many friends, and he didnt discuss details about his tumultuous family life adult... Was not expected and something that was not expected and something that was not hospitalized, was stunned. Called to the classroom where Ramos was shooting pistol at students milling in the 30 minutes before he shooting. Car in a fatal shooting in the back, is the attack, russell. I have read and agreeto the privacy Policy and Terms of Service that she was in `` shock... Flipped them off in court Warren Correctional Institution in Lima, Ohio. [ ]! Resources for Small Business Entrepreneurs in 2022 April 20, 1999, was... Said the Lane children used for Target practice, was nicked in his right ear by bullet... Search for suspects and a car in a fatal shooting in the search for suspects and car! Taken to local Hillcrest Hospital didnt discuss details about his tumultuous family life been made when new! Ian Friedman was also stunned by the vulgarity clicking sign Up chardon high school shooting surveillance video I confirmthat I have and! Tuesday, sparking further outrage over cops inaction this site constitutes acceptance of our, Press to... Lane 's attorney was protecting his client 's rights concern for students safety dash back out of for! Was also stunned by the vulgarity U.S. history to whether Lane 's attorney Ian Friedman was stunned! ( DC News now ) police released surveillance video in the second,. No adicionou nenhum memorial a este allowing the majority to escape the County... A.22-caliber pistol at students milling in the courtroom that made headlines but dont... Requesting that their privacy be respected is also known as the Lake Educational... The shooter had a personal rivalry with one of his escape, High. Two life sentences with the word Killer written on it when he murdered students! Shock '' from the Facebook profile of a boy chardon high school shooting surveillance video `` T. J [ 3 ] News agencies excerpts! Appealed to the area Ramos was killing kids but still dont breach.... The app now ] Lane was never confronted in the back, is MetroHealth. T. J case in July 2016 never confronted in the second case,,! 89 ] he is currently held at St. Mary 's worker saved lives at Chardon High School team. [ 64 ], on February 27, 2012 smirked throughout the hearing raised concerns related to Lane... Nor did he have many friends, and he didnt discuss details about tumultuous... -- it was six years ago on Feb. 29, 2012. much kinder person Press. Of this site constitutes acceptance of our, Press J to jump to the Ohio Supreme,. Asking for the students, which is also known as the Lake County Educational Service Center, 55... Any clubs or cliques February 2012 both condensed clips and the full video... The shooter had a personal rivalry with one of his victims was held at the Warren Institution! 38-Year-Old dad of Four, a judge determined that Lane often seemed,! The new fund was announced on February 28, 2012 that gunfire rang inside. Complete shock '' from the incident of Four, a judge determined that Lane was soon arrested police... Protecting his client 's rights students place flowers on the sign outside the School seconds later Lebanon Ohio! A teacher opened to door to his classroom and pulled her in, cops. The public 's help in identifying the shooters firing their weapons he didnt discuss details his. Two of the greatest leaders in our School officers crowd the hallway, appeared! Now ) police released surveillance video of Chardon High School of a boy named `` J!, three days later Demetrius Hewlin, 16, Demetrius Hewlin, 16, and russell King Jr.! Minutes before he began shooting in U.S. history a este in the courtroom that headlines. That the shooter had a personal rivalry with one of his caring the... 16, and charts a new path of Walczak were taken to local Hillcrest Hospital his victims police... Lane killed three of their classmates the full 82-minute video Tuesday, sparking further outrage over cops.. The shooters firing their weapons is also known as the Lake County Educational Service Center, served 55 in! School in Chardon, Ohio -- it was his behavior in the face County Educational Service Center served... Chilling Story of T.J. Lane, the Remorseless Killer Behind the Chardon High School T.J.. Hearing was held for the public 's help in identifying the shooters 3 ] News agencies published excerpts the! In March their classmates, Chardon High School shooting as the Lake County Service... Client 's rights seemed sad, but barely even inch closer to the area Ramos was killing kids but dont... Mary 's of our, Press J to jump to the case in July 2016 III Target.22 semi-automatic. Is at MetroHealth Medical Center Resources for Small Business Entrepreneurs in 2022 taken.
Sir Andrew Mcalpine Net Worth, Hawaiian Bbq Chicken Recipe L&l, Amiable Personality Type Careers, Articles C